UED 102 STUDY SKILLS

 

UED 102 STUDY SKILLS

 

Group: AC1101H

Name	Matrix no.
Danial Naiem Bin Zulkhairi	2023848662

 

INTRODUCTION

 

ASSALAMUALAIKUM and Good Day ! My name is Danial Naiem Bin Zulkhairi. I’m from Kuala Lumpur and I have 2 siblings and I’m the oldest brother. My last school was SMK Seri Ampang. Currently I’m an undergraduate in Diploma of Accountancy (AC110) in Uitm Pahang , Jengka.

The purpose I’m doing this e-portfolio is to introduce to everyone what is UED 102 known as Study Skills. These are the topics and contents I’m sharing on what I have learnt in this subject .

 

Topics and Contents:

Topic 1: Getting Ready to Learn

• Learning Style Inventory

Topic 2: Goal Setting

• Goal Statements – The Five Step Approach

Topic 3: Time Management

• Fixed-Commitment Calendar

• Job Task Analysis

• Prioritized To-Do List

Topic 4: Memory, Learning & Improving Concentration

• Memory Strategies (Activity 4-1: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 90)

• Organizational Strategies (Activity 4.7: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 107)

• Concentration Strategies (Activity 6.1: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 144)

• Concentration Chart (Figure 6.4: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 161)

• Reading Text (Figure 12.3: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 309)

Topic 5: Taking Lecture Notes

• Note-Taking Strategies (Activity 5-1: Van Blerkom, 2009, pg. 116)

• Note-taking Exercise using the Cornell Method

Topic 6: Academic Integrity & Performance

• GPA Worksheet

First and foremost, coming studying here is a whole new experience for me. I need to be more independent as I’m living alone far from my parents. Furthermore, I made a lot of new friends that come from different parts of the country. From the northern parts to southern parts. Overall , I am enjoying and adapting to the new life here as a student of Uitm Jengka. 

Topic 1 : Getting Ready to Learn

 

Learning Style Inventory

The first class of UED 102 I learn that each individuals have different learning styles. Now what is learning styles? Learning styles is a way to determine an individual studies. There are 3 types of learning styles that is Visual Learning, Auditory Learning and Kinesthetic  Learning.

 

Visual Learning :

Individuals who is visual learning can obtain information simply by using images, mind maps, diagrams and videos. People who are visual learners are highly imaginative as they can take information and break down into different sections for them to understand.

 
 

 

Auditory learning:

 

 

Auditory learners can understand and gather information better by speaking the information to them rather than giving them information in a text. They store information by remembering the sounds for the information.

 

Kinesthetic learning:

 

 

Kinesthetic learners prefer to learn things by doing activities that involes movement as they can understand better things by movement. Mostly kinesthetic learners are describe as creative individuals as they like to do things with movement.

 

After understanding everything about all the learning styles my lecturer gave everyone and me a task to know which of the 3 learning styles that suits us better. Everyone got different answers for their learning styles.

Based on the results I’m a visual learner . I learn better by looking at images, diagrams and watching videos.

My personal learning style:

My personal learning style is reading and making notes while I listen to instrumental music so I can focus better on doing my tasks.

8 STEPS TO BE SUCESSFUL IN UNIVERSITY

 

·       Attend all class and pay attention

To ensure you don’t miss any important information that is given from lectures

Eg; assignments , notes and quizzes

·       Be an active student in class

Don’t be afraid to ask if you don’t understand on a certain topic as lecturers love students who frequently ask question as it shows that we are paying attention in class

·       Get organised

make a to-do list to ensure you’re on track on everything as our schedule can be busy during the finals

·       Be active in co-curiculums and programs

Part-take in universities programs to engage more and build connections with everyone

Eg: Annual meetings between faculties

·       Form a study group

Have a discussion between classmates can help each other on parts that we don’t understand during the lectures and to keep track on group assignments

·       Stay up to date

Make sure to submit assignments on time so that you won’t have to do everthing till the last minute

·       Take effective notes

Do notes on the topic that you find hard to understand and make it interesting by using mind maps, graphs and diagrams

·       Study smart

Use the right way for you to maximise the capacity when you’re studying and use learning styles 

Topic 2 : Setting Goals

 

What is goals?

Determination to have or achieve something at the end of completing a task. To feel a sense of satisfaction on achieving your aim in life. Eg. To have CGPA of 4.0 by the end of the semester.

5 WAYS TO SET GOALS:

·       Specific

Your goals should have a clear cut on what do you want to achieve and commit to it till the end . It can be anything that you desire such as luxury , status and wealth

     Measurable

Your goal should be able to keep track on your progress. This way you can be focus and improve in the parts that you’re lacking and make adjustments based on your goal.

  Achievable

Your goal should be based on your skills and the capacity that you’re equipped with to maximise the chances you achieving your goal and to keep yourself grounded.

   Relevant

Make sure your goal is in your field so that you won’t get off track from other distractions in life. You should also understand the field that you’re taking

Eg: being an ACCA Accountant because you have qualification in accounting field.

  Time-bound

your goal should also have a timeline on when you should reach it.

CHARACTERISTICS ON SETTING YOUR GOAL:

Your goal should be,

1)     self-chosen

 – you should set what do you want to achieve

2)    moderately challenging

 – it should not be too easy and too hard

3)    realistic

 – the goal should be able to achieve by your efforts

4)    measurable

 – it can be attained within the time limit you set

5)    specific

– your goal should be clear and clear cut

6)    finite

 – your goal should have long term and short-term settings

7)    positive

 – always be motivated and be optimistic with everything that comes in your journey on achieving your goals

 

 

A saying said: “if you don’t have what you want to achieve in life then you’re the most unfortunate”

This is my planner of goals and things I want to achieve :

Topic 3 : Time Management

 

·       What is time management? – the process of organizing and planning how to allocate your time between different tasks and activities. It can also help you by working efficiently and reduce levels of stress to achieve maximum of your productivity.

 

5 strategies on managing your time well:

·       Have a weekly schedule

·       Make a daily planner

·       Set a semester calendar

·       Have a balance schedule between personal and academic life

·       Don’t procrastinate

 What is Procrastination?

An act of delaying doing something and knowing there will be negative consequences

Reasons why we procrastinate:

·       Being to of a perfectionist

·       To a avoid any errors or failure in or work

·       To expect everything to be a success

·       Feeling rebellious

·       Feeling too overwhelmed by things happening in life

·       Being LAZY

Way to combat procrastination:

1.     Break big task to smaller or sub tasks and focus on completing it one step at a time to avoid feeling stressed

2.     Start with the unpleasant task first

3.     Have enthusiasm on doing the task and always think completing it is a fun process

4.     Use a planner to prioritize important dates and deadlines

5.     stick to a daily planner

6.     be more discipline

7.     identify the distractions on hindering your progress on finishing your task

8.     set limits on each task to prevent burn out and create a sense of urgency

9.     always be motivated

-        use daily affirmations

-        start journaling

10.  use effective time management technique

-        pomodoro technique

-        blurting

Benefits on being organised :

·       felling satisfied on completing a certain task

·       task completed = less stress

·       being more confident in yourself

·       everything is in control

·       have an ample of time to recharge

 

Topic 4: Memory, Learning & Improving

Concentration

What is memory ? – memory is the ability to recall information that has been said before and remembering it years later.

Types of memory:

1)     sensory memory - Numerous incoming information from 5 senses (touch , feel , taste , listen , see) will be stored in the sensory memory for an instant. If one PAY ATTENTION to the stimuli, it will go to the short-term memory

2)    Short-term memory – Short-term memory is very limited. We must always rehearse what we have learned using the right strategies in order for it to go to Long-term memory.

3)    Long-term memory – unlimited storage. The information that we got from short-term memory will be moved to long term-memory. Although forgetting may occur, but can be helped with cues from the right learning strategies in order to retrieve the information.

Based on my scoring you can see that I need to use more of the correct strategies in order to improve my memory and concentration strategies.

The reasons why we forget?

·       Lack of focus during lecturing

·       Day dreaming

·       Unmotivated on the things we don’t like

·       Being distracted from outside world problems

Ways to always remember information:

·       Always pay attention during the important information

·       Do revisions

·       Make a routine

·       Avoid last minute study

Organizing Strategies

 

There are many learning strategies that we can apply in order to increase or muscle memory and to maximise our memory. These are some ways that you can use in your routine.

 

1)    Do study groups- study groups can help you and your friends simultaneously and help you remember the things better when you teach your friends.

2)    Always be motivated – be enthusiastic on learning so that you won’t lose motivation. Furthermore, always have a positive mind set so that it will not hinder your focus when studying.

3)    Have an organized routine – make a list, time-table , reminders and set important dates. This way you won’t be disorganised and always know what to do by completing a task.

4)    Use a learning style that suits with you – always remember we are not competing with anyone only yourself so use strategies that is convenient for you.

5)    Always be focused- focus on the important and hard topic for you so that you won’t lose interest on the subject and always be engrossed.

6)    Monitor your concentration – make revisions on the topics you studied to see you still remember the information and need any improvement.

On this task I only got 7 out of 12 that is newspaper ,crayon ,train ,comic book, magazine and pencil

But on the second try I got 12 out of 12

Read	Transportation	To write
Newspaper	Boat	Crayon
Comic book	Train	Pencil
Magazine	Bus	Pen
Book	Automobile	Chalk

Concentration Strategies

Concentration is a focus of the mind and the ability to hold the awareness of mind at one point to one place without being wavering or distracted . In the state of concentration, your mind is not aware of the external environment or other peripheral thing that surround the object of concentration. This means that you are giving your full attention.

We also need to identify the causes of our lack of concentration such as when, what, why, and where.

Activity 6.10           Monitor your concentration

Use the chart provided (Figure 6.4, Van Blerkom (2009), page 160 -161) to record up to ten of the concentration problems that your encounter over a one-week period. Include one or more strategies that you used or should have used to improve your concentration. At the bottom, indicate how well your strategies worked.

READING/STUDY SYSTEM (SQ3R)

 

A method that helps students to scan a text quicker and analysing information more effectively and understand the context of a text.

FIGURE 12.3

Excerpt from a Sociology Textbook

 

Political Systems in Global Perspective

Political systems as we know them today have evolved slowly. In the earliest societies, politics was not an entity separate from other aspects of life. Political institutions first emerged in agrarian societies as they acquired surpluses and developed greater social inequality. Elites took control of politics and used custom or traditional authority to justify their position. When cities developed circa 3500–3000 B.C.E., the city-state—a city whose power extended to adjacent areas—became the center of political power. Nation-states as we know them began to develop in Europe between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries (see Tilly, 1975). A nation-state is a unit of political organization that has recognizable national boundaries and whose citizens possess specific legal rights and obligations. Nation-states emerge as countries develop specific geographic territories and acquire greater ability to defend their borders. Improvements in communication and transportation make it possible for people in a larger geographic area to share a common language and culture. As charismatic and traditional authority are superseded by rational—legal authority, legal standards come to prevail in all areas of life, and the nation-state claims a monopoly over the legitimate use of force (Kennedy, 1993). Approximately 190 nation-states currently exist throughout the world; today, everyone is born, lives, and dies under the auspices of a nation-state (see Skocpol and Amenta, 1986). Four main types of political systems are found in nation-states: monarchy, authoritarianism, totalitarianism, and democracy.

Monarchy

Monarchy is a political system in which power resides in one person or family and is passed from generation to generation through lines of inheritance. Monarchies are most common in agrarian societies and are associated with traditional authority patterns. However, the relative power of monarchs has varied across nations, depending on religious, political, and economic conditions. Absolute monarchs claim a hereditary right to rule (based on membership in a noble family) or a divine right to rule (a God-given right to rule that legitimizes the exercise of power). In limited monarchies, rulers depend on powerful members of the nobility to retain their thrones. Unlike absolute monarchs, limited monarchs are not considered to be above the law. In constitutional monarchies, the royalty serves as symbolic rulers or heads of state while actual authority is held by elected officials in national parliaments. In present-day monarchies such as the United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, and the Netherlands, members of royal families primarily perform ceremonial functions. In the United Kingdom, for example, the media often focus large amounts of time and attention on the royal family, especially the personal lives of its members. Recently, the European Union (of which the United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, and the Netherlands are all members) has also received media attention as a form of governmental cooperation across national boundaries but not one that weakens the powers of the present-day monarchies.

 

 

Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism is a political system controlled by rulers who deny popular participation in government. A few authoritarian regimes have been absolute monarchies whose rulers claimed a hereditary right to their position. Today, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are examples of authoritarian absolute monarchies. In dictatorships, power is gained and held by a single individual. Pure dictatorships are rare; all rulers need the support of the military and the backing of business elites to maintain their position. Military juntas result when military officers seize power from the government, as has happened in recent decades in Argentina, Chile, and Haiti. Today, authoritarian regimes exist in Fidel Castro’s Cuba and in the People’s Republic of China. Authoritarian regimes seek to control the media and to suppress coverage of any topics or information that does not reflect upon the regime in a favorable light.

Totalitarianism

Totalitarianism is a political system in which the state seeks to regulate all aspects of people’s public and private lives. Totalitarianism relies on modern technology to monitor and control people; mass propaganda and electronic surveillance are widely used to influence people’s thinking and control their actions. One example of a totalitarian regime was the National Socialist (Nazi) Party in Germany during World War II; military leaders there sought to control all aspects of national life, not just government operations. Other examples include the former Soviet Union and contemporary Iraq before the fall of Saddam Hussein’s regime. To keep people from rebelling, totalitarian governments enforce conformity: People are denied the right to assemble for political purposes, access to information is strictly controlled, and secret police enforce compliance, creating an environment of constant fear and suspicion. Many nations do not recognize totalitarian regimes as being the legitimate government for a particular country. Afghanistan in the year 2001 was an example. As the war on terrorism began in the aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States, many people developed a heightened awareness of the Taliban regime, which ruled most of Afghanistan and was engaged in fierce fighting to capture the rest of the country. The Taliban regime maintained absolute control over the Afghan people in most of that country. For example, it required that all Muslims take part in prayer five times each day and that men attend prayer at mosques, where women were forbidden (Marquis, 2001). Taliban leaders claimed that their actions were based on Muslim law and espoused a belief in never-ending jihad—a struggle against one’s perceived enemies. Although the totalitarian nature of the Taliban regime was difficult for many people, it was particularly oppressive for women, who were viewed by this group as being “biologically, religiously and prophetically” inferior to men (McGeary, 2001: 41). Consequently, this regime made the veil obligatory and banned women from public life. U.S. government officials believed that the Taliban regime was protecting Osama bin Laden, the man thought to have been the mastermind behind numerous terrorist attacks on U.S. citizens and facilities, both on the mainland and abroad. As a totalitarian regime, the Taliban leadership was recognized by only three other governments, despite controlling most of Afghanistan. Once the military action commenced in Afghanistan, most of what U.S. residents learned about the Taliban and about the war on terrorism was based on media accounts and “expert opinions” that were voiced on television. According to the political analyst Michael Parenti (1998), the media play a significant role in framing the information we receive about the political systems of other countries. As discussed in previous chapters, framing refers to how news is packaged, including the amount of exposure given to a story, its placement, the positive or negative tone of the story, the headlines and photographs, and the accompanying visual and auditory effects if the story is being broadcast. In politics and government, framing is not limited to information we receive about other countries: It can be used to frame a political agenda in this country, as well.

Democracy

Democracy is a political system in which the people hold the ruling power either directly or through elected representatives. The literal meaning of democracy is “rule by the people” (from the Greek words demos, meaning “the people,” and kratein, meaning “to rule”). In an ideal type democracy, people would actively and directly rule themselves. Direct participatory democracy requires that citizens be able to meet together regularly to debate and decide the issues of the day. However, if all 295 million people in the United States came together in one place for a meeting, they would occupy an area of more than seventy square miles, and a single round of five-minute speeches would require more than five thousand years (based on Schattschneider, 1969). In countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom, people have a voice in the government through representative democracy, whereby citizens elect representatives to serve as bridges between themselves and the government. The U.S. Constitution requires that each state have two senators and a minimum of one member in the House of Representatives. The current size of the House (435 seats) has not changed since the apportionment following the 1910 census. Therefore, based on Census 2000, those 435 seats were reapportioned based on the increase or decrease in a state’s population between 1990 and 2000. In a representative democracy, elected representatives are supposed to convey the concerns and interests of those they represent, and the government is expected to be responsive to the wishes of the people. Elected officials are held accountable to the people through elections. However, representative democracy is not always equally accessible to all people in a nation. Throughout U.S. history, members of subordinate racial–ethnic groups have been denied full participation in the democratic process. Gender and social class have also limited some people’s democratic participation. For example, women have not always had the same rights as men. Full voting rights were note gained by women until the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. Even representative democracies are not all alike. As compared to the winner-takes-all elections in the United States, which are usually decided by who wins the most votes, the majority of European elections are based on a system of proportional representation, meaning that each party is represented in the national legislature according to the proportion of votes that party received. For example, a party that won 40 percent of the vote would receive 40 seats in a 100-seat legislative body, and a party receiving 20 percent of the votes would receive 20 seats.

 

Source: Text material from Diana Kendall, Sociology in Our Times, 6th ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2007), pp. 450–454

Predictions of questions are:

1)    What is political systems?

2)    What are the differences between monarchy and Authoritarianism ?

3)    What is the definition for democracy?

Topic 5 : Note Taking

What is note taking ?

-  writing down information that was given by the lecturer during classes and simplify them in your own words

Why we take notes?

·       Helps us to pay attention in class and get important information from lecturers

·       Helps us study for quizzes , tests/ final exams and other small tests

·       Helps us improve our memory on the topic that the lecturer gave

·       Helps us take ownership of ideas and expand our knowledge on the topic

·       Helps us engage our senses on focusing in class

·       Helps us organize and process data and information

·       Helps the lecturers test students on how well they captured given information.

Why review notes?

·       Most of the time we will forget what we hear during the lectures so notes helps us to help us strengthen our memory on the information taken in class

·       Helps us to identify information for peers or to ask the lecturer during the next class

·       Given most of the time during lecturing we will not have enough time to absorb all the information given.

·       Always take time to review your notes on a daily basis

Why “recapture” notes after class?

·       frees you up to write in quick, short hand during lessons

·       one of the best way to prepare for a test  and information acquiring strategy

·       better than just COPYING

·       can prompt up high level questions

·       help reduce the days spent studying during a test

Materials to bring to class:

·       Binder

·       Folders

·       Pens , pencils , erasers etc

Things to do before entering class

·        Review the notes from the day before

·        Review your reading assignment

·        Make sure you have paper, text, pens/pencils, handout

 

Physical factors for better note taking :

·        Seating

o   Near the front and centre

o   Better vision

o   Clear hearing

·        Avoid distractions

o   Doorways, window glare etc

o   Peers

 

 

How to take notes:

·        Date and label notes

·        Give ourselves space to write

·        Use abbreviations and symbols

What are some examples of symbols and abbreviations?

·        Use an outline to show:

·        Main ideas

·        Supports

·        Examples

·        Use our own language to make it easier for us to review the notes later

Ways to take notes :

Cornell method

 

     Two Column Method 

 

   Outlining Method

   Mapping Method

 Sentence Method

-        Writing sentences on each line

 

ALWAYS REMEMBER:

·        Survey - overview: quickly scan

·        Question – Establish a purpose

·        Read – to answer questions

·        Rite – take notes

·        Review – at the short intervals

·        Recite –answer to questions with the book closed

Topic 6: ACADEMIC INTEGRITY
AND PERFORMANCE

 

What is plagiarism?

the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

Types Of Plagiarism:

1.    Complete Plagiarism – resubmitting the work that you have submitted before.

2.    Direct Plagiarism – using completely the owners work and adding your own words without giving the owner proper credit

3.    Paraphrasing Plagiarism – using your own words but don’t credit the owner properly

4.    Patchwork Plagiarism – taking different sources and making it a sentence of your own

 

How to avoid plagiarism:

 

-        Use proper citation and referencing

Make sure to proper credit the owner if you’re using as a reference

-        Take thorough notes

Double check your ideas or work that you have fully finished

-        Paraphrase and summarize properly

Make sure you use your own words and don’t simply copy everything from the work that you’re using as a reference

-        Use your own words

Change some words and make a different kind of sentence structure so that it won’t be identical to the reference.

What is GPA?

-        Known as Grade Points Average. Is the average point that you have from taking all the courses and divided the credit time from the courses.

 

What is CGPA?

-        CGPA is Continuous Grade Point Average. Is the average point by all the courses you take through out all the semesters and divided all the credit time taken by all semesters.

ouh and don't forget my ued vid based on the campus.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G6oqWt0ay_sYDs0LbpcQgfISZmvAhuIp/view?usp=drivesdk

that is all from me hope it helps!